Potential use of bioreactors for laccases production of basidiomycete fungi

Abstract

The laccase enzymes are a group of blue multi-copper oxidases, which catalyze the oxidation of a wide range of substrates, such as polyphenols, aminophenols, and aromatic amines, whereby they are able to degrade lignin and highly recalcitrant environmental pollutants. These enzymes are produced by many fungi and are very useful in various biotechnological processes. The development of biotechnology has been possible mainly thanks to cell culture techniques including the large scale fermentation technology where bioreactors such as airlift or stirred tank to produce biomass and metabolites are very important. Such techniques have allowed the establishment of conditions for mushroom cultivation, for the synthesis of a variety of metabolites of interest. In recent years, they have made extraordinary efforts to produce laccases and approaches to improve functional expression or stability. Basidiomycetes fungi produce high levels of ligninolytic enzymes such as laccases.